mcp server duckdb

Local 2025-08-31 23:56:35 0

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server implementation for DuckDB, providing database interaction capabilities through MCP tools. It would be interesting to have LLM analyze it. DuckDB is suitable for local analysis.

Overview

This server enables interaction with a DuckDB database through the Model Context Protocol, allowing for database operations like querying, table creation, and schema inspection.

Components

Resources

Currently, no custom resources are implemented.

Prompts

Currently, no custom prompts are implemented.

Tools

The server implements the following database interaction tool:

query: Execute any SQL query on the DuckDB database
Input: query (string) - Any valid DuckDB SQL statement
Output: Query results as text (or success message for operations like CREATE/INSERT)

[!NOTE] The server provides a single unified query function rather than separate specialized functions, as modern LLMs can generate appropriate SQL for any database operation (SELECT, CREATE TABLE, JOIN, etc.) without requiring separate endpoints.

[!NOTE] When the server is running in readonly mode, DuckDB's native readonly protection is enforced. This ensures that the Language Model (LLM) cannot perform any write operations (CREATE, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE), maintaining data integrity and preventing unintended changes.

Configuration

Required Parameters

db-path (string): Path to the DuckDB database file
The server will automatically create the database file and parent directories if they do not exist
If --readonly is specified and the database file does not exist, the server will fail to start with an error

Optional Parameters

--readonly: Run server in read-only mode
Description: When this flag is set, the server operates in read-only mode. This means:
- The DuckDB database will be opened with read_only=true, preventing any write operations.
- If the specified database file does not exist, it will not be created.
- Security Benefit: Prevents the Language Model (LLM) from performing any write operations, ensuring that the database remains unaltered.
Reference: For more details on read-only connections in DuckDB, see the DuckDB Python API documentation.

Installation

Installing via Smithery

To install DuckDB Server for Claude Desktop automatically via Smithery:

npx -y @smithery/cli install mcp-server-duckdb --client claude

Claude Desktop Integration

Configure the MCP server in Claude Desktop's configuration file:

MacOS

Location: ~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json

Windows

Location: %APPDATA%/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "duckdb": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": [
        "mcp-server-duckdb",
        "--db-path",
        "~/mcp-server-duckdb/data/data.db"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Note: ~/mcp-server-duckdb/data/data.db should be replaced with the actual path to the DuckDB database file.

Development

Prerequisites

Python with uv package manager
DuckDB Python package
MCP server dependencies

Debugging

Debugging MCP servers can be challenging due to their stdio-based communication. We recommend using the MCP Inspector for the best debugging experience.

Using MCP Inspector

Install the inspector using npm:

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector uv --directory ~/codes/mcp-server-duckdb run mcp-server-duckdb --db-path ~/mcp-server-duckdb/data/data.db

Open the provided URL in your browser to access the debugging interface

The inspector provides visibility into: - Request/response communication - Tool execution - Server state - Error messages

[
  {
    "description": "Execute a SELECT query on the DuckDB database",
    "inputSchema": {
      "properties": {
        "query": {
          "description": "SELECT SQL query to execute",
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "query"
      ],
      "type": "object"
    },
    "name": "read-query"
  },
  {
    "description": "List all tables in the DuckDB database",
    "inputSchema": {
      "properties": {},
      "type": "object"
    },
    "name": "list-tables"
  },
  {
    "description": "Get the schema information for a specific table",
    "inputSchema": {
      "properties": {
        "table_name": {
          "description": "Name of the table to describe",
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "table_name"
      ],
      "type": "object"
    },
    "name": "describe-table"
  },
  {
    "description": "Execute an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE query on the DuckDB database",
    "inputSchema": {
      "properties": {
        "query": {
          "description": "SQL query to execute",
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "query"
      ],
      "type": "object"
    },
    "name": "write-query"
  },
  {
    "description": "Create a new table in the DuckDB database",
    "inputSchema": {
      "properties": {
        "query": {
          "description": "CREATE TABLE SQL statement",
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": [
        "query"
      ],
      "type": "object"
    },
    "name": "create-table"
  }
]